重点语法

人称代词和物主代词

代词，是代替名词或一句话的一种词类，有名词或形容词的功能。主要讲述的是人称代词和物主代词。

Ⅰ. 人称代词与物主代词 (在老师帮助下填写出表格中空缺部分)

人称代词

物主代词

人 称

主格

宾格

形容词性

物主代词

名词性

物主代词

第一人

称单数

I

第二人称

you

第三人

称单数

he

she

it

第一人

称复数

we

第三人

称复数

they

＊人称代词有主格、宾格之分

主格=主语：表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。

Eg: I am a teacher. They are students.

宾格=宾语：表示动作行为的对象，放在动词、介词后做宾语。

Eg: Help me, please. I often go to school with her.

＊物主代词

物主代词是表示“…的”或“…的东西“，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词后面必须加名词，而名词性物主代词后面则不能加名词。

Eg: This is my schoolbag. The pencil is mine.

语法运用

单项选择

1. ---My bag is red .What about ?

--- is red, too.

A .you, Yours B .his, He C .yours; Mine D .hers, She

2. Kate and her sister go to the park with a friend of _ .

A .they B .them C .their D .theirs

3. ---Oh, whose pen is this?

---It is ________.

A .I B .me C .my D .mine

4. These are cups. are blue and white .

A .our ;Your B .yours; Mine C .his ;Their D .their ;They

5.---“Excuse me! Is this watch?”

---“No, it’s not . It’s Jim’s.”

A .your ; me B .your ;mine C .yours ;mine D .your ;my

答案： C D D D B

用所给词的适当形式填空

1. _______(we) eyes are black. _________ (we) come from Japan.

2. Give the book to _________(I ).

3. Is this __________ watch? (you) No, it’s not __________ . ( I )

4. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ is a nurse. ( she )

5._________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell __________. ( we )

答案：1. Our; We 2. me 3.your; mine 4.She; her; She 5. We; us

Be动词

be动词是英语中很常见的词，是表示人的身份、事物的性质、所在的时间、地点、方位等的动词，它的基本意思是“是”. be动词一般现在时基本形式有am, is, are

1. 用法：

I用am， you用 are， is连着 he/ she/ it。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。即：

单数

I am

You are

He/she/it is

复数

We are

You are

They are

缩写：I am = I'm you are = you're he/she/it is = he's /she's /it's

We are = we're they are = they're

巧记be动词：

我用am，你用are，is跟着他，她，它；

我们、你们和他们，后面全部都用are。

单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。

变疑问往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。

变否定更容易，只需be后加not。

疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑

2. 陈述句转变为一般疑问句和否定句

一般疑问句：句中有be动词时，将be提前. （注意I/we改you, my改your, some改any）

Eg: Mike is in the zoo. Is Mike in the zoo? Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.

I am a good boy. Are you a good boy? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.

否定句： 句中有be动词时，在be后加not.

Eg: My father is a worker. My father is not a worker.

I am funny. I am not funny.

（注意：are not = aren't is not = isn't am not 不能缩写，除非主语是I I am not = I'm not .）语法运用

用适当的be动词填空。

I ________ a student.

You ________ Japanese.

He _______ my brother.

My name ________Harry.

Miss Zhou ________ my teacher.

This book________ very interesting.

Li Lei and I __________ good friends.

These ________ apples.

There _______ some bread on the plate.

The books ________ on the desk.

答案: 1. am, 2. are, 3. is, 4. is, 5. is, 6. is, 7. are, 8. are, 9. is, 10. are